/* ==========================================================================
   EM DASH — a journal of letterforms
   Type as image and motion. Ink on paper, one signal red.
   Display: Roboto Flex (opsz 8–144 · wght 100–1000 · wdth 25–151 · slnt −10–0)
   Text:    Newsreader   (opsz 6–72  · wght 200–800 · italic)
   Meta:    Roboto Mono  (wght 100–700)
   ========================================================================== */

/* ---------- Fonts ------------------------------------------------------- */

@font-face {
  font-family: "Roboto Flex";
  src: url("../fonts/robotoflex-var.woff2") format("woff2");
  font-weight: 100 1000;
  font-stretch: 25% 151%;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "Newsreader";
  src: url("../fonts/newsreader-var.woff2") format("woff2");
  font-weight: 200 800;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "Newsreader";
  src: url("../fonts/newsreader-italic-var.woff2") format("woff2");
  font-weight: 200 800;
  font-style: italic;
  font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "Roboto Mono";
  src: url("../fonts/robotomono-var.woff2") format("woff2");
  font-weight: 100 700;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "Roboto Mono";
  src: url("../fonts/robotomono-italic-var.woff2") format("woff2");
  font-weight: 100 700;
  font-style: italic;
  font-display: swap;
}

/* ---------- Tokens ------------------------------------------------------ */

:root {
  --paper:      #F4EFE2;
  --paper-dim:  #EDE7D6;
  --ink:        #181410;
  --ink-soft:   #453E34;
  --red:        #D02410;
  --hairline:   color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 22%, transparent);
  --hairline-2: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 45%, transparent);

  --font-disp: "Roboto Flex", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  --font-text: "Newsreader", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --font-mono: "Roboto Mono", "SFMono-Regular", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;

  --headh: 3rem;               /* sticky header height */
  --pad: clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 3rem);

  /* live axis vars — JS writes these on .fvex / .gl elements */
  --wght: 800;
  --wdth: 100;
  --opsz: 144;
  --slnt: 0;
  --p: 0;                       /* reading progress 0..1 */
}

/* ---------- Reset / base ------------------------------------------------- */

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
}
html[data-motion="reduce"] { scroll-behavior: auto; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--font-text);
  font-size: 1.1875rem;
  line-height: 1.62;
  font-kerning: normal;
  font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  overflow-x: clip;
}

::selection { background: var(--red); color: var(--paper); }

:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--red);
  outline-offset: 3px;
  border-radius: 1px;
}

img, svg { display: block; max-width: 100%; }
button { font: inherit; color: inherit; background: none; border: 0; padding: 0; cursor: pointer; }
a { color: inherit; }

.sr {
  position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px;
  margin: -1px; padding: 0; overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0 0 0 0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0;
}

.skip {
  position: absolute; left: .75rem; top: .75rem; z-index: 60;
  transform: translateY(-300%);
  background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper);
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .8rem;
  padding: .55rem .9rem; text-decoration: none;
}
.skip:focus { transform: none; }

/* ---------- Shared micro-typography -------------------------------------- */

.mono {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .78rem;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  font-variation-settings: "wght" 400;
}
.sc {                       /* letterspaced caps — the honest small cap */
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .72rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: .22em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.red { color: var(--red); }
.amp {                      /* every & in prose gets dressed */
  font-family: var(--font-text);
  font-style: italic;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 24, "wght" 480;
  color: var(--red);
}
.liga-demo { font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures discretionary-ligatures; }

.fvex {                     /* element whose axes JS may drive via CSS vars */
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings:
    "opsz" var(--opsz), "wght" var(--wght),
    "wdth" var(--wdth), "slnt" var(--slnt);
}

.rule { border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline); margin: 0; }

/* ---------- Site header --------------------------------------------------- */

.site-head {
  position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 40;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1rem;
  height: var(--headh);
  padding-inline: var(--pad);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 88%, transparent);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}
.wordmark {
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 24, "wght" 780, "wdth" 72;
  font-size: 1.05rem; letter-spacing: .01em;
  text-decoration: none; text-transform: uppercase;
  display: inline-flex; align-items: baseline; gap: .12em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.wordmark .dash { color: var(--red); font-variation-settings: "wght" 900, "wdth" 151, "opsz" 24; }
.site-head .issue-tag { margin-inline: auto .5rem; }
.site-head nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1.1rem; margin-left: auto; }
.site-head .issue-tag + nav { margin-left: 0; }
.navlink {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase; text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; padding-block: .2em;
}
.navlink:hover { color: var(--red); border-bottom-color: var(--red); }
.motion-toggle {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .14em;
  border: 1px solid var(--hairline-2); padding: .32em .7em;
  text-transform: uppercase; border-radius: 999px;
}
.motion-toggle[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); border-color: var(--ink); }
.motion-toggle:hover { border-color: var(--ink); }
.motion-toggle[aria-pressed="true"]:hover { border-color: var(--red); color: var(--red); }

/* ---------- Index: masthead ------------------------------------------------ */

.mast {
  padding: clamp(3rem, 9vh, 7rem) var(--pad) clamp(2rem, 6vh, 4rem);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  position: relative;
  overflow: clip;
}
.mast-kicker {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase; margin-bottom: clamp(1rem, 4vh, 2.5rem);
}
.mast-word {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" var(--mast-wght, 860), "wdth" var(--mast-wdth, 96), "slnt" var(--mast-slnt, 0);
  font-size: clamp(4.4rem, 19.5vw, 21rem);
  line-height: .78;
  letter-spacing: -.015em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  transform: skewY(var(--mast-skew, 0deg));
  transform-origin: left baseline;
  white-space: nowrap;
  user-select: none;
}
.mast-word .gl { display: inline-block; will-change: transform; }
.mast-word .dash { color: var(--red); }
.mast-sub {
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .4rem 1.4rem;
  justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline;
  margin-top: clamp(1.2rem, 4vh, 2.6rem);
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .78rem; letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.mast-sub .lede-line { font-family: var(--font-text); font-style: italic;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 18, "wght" 420; text-transform: none;
  letter-spacing: 0; font-size: 1.05rem; }
.scroll-cue {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .5em;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .3em;
  text-transform: uppercase; margin-top: clamp(1.4rem, 5vh, 3rem);
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.scroll-cue .arr { color: var(--red); font-size: 1rem; }

/* ---------- Index: ticker --------------------------------------------------- */

.ticker {
  overflow: clip; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  padding-block: .55rem;
  background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper);
}
.ticker-track {
  display: inline-flex; gap: 2.2rem; white-space: nowrap;
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 14, "wght" 560, "wdth" 62;
  font-size: .95rem; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase;
  will-change: transform;
}
.ticker-track .sep { color: var(--red); }

/* ---------- Index: covers ---------------------------------------------------- */

.covers-head {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline;
  padding: 1.1rem var(--pad) .9rem;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.cover {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  padding: clamp(1.4rem, 4vw, 3rem) var(--pad) clamp(1.6rem, 4.5vw, 3.4rem);
  text-decoration: none; color: inherit;
  min-height: min(78vh, 46rem);
  overflow: clip;
  isolation: isolate;
}
.cover:last-of-type { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline); }
.cover-meta {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; gap: 1rem;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase; margin-bottom: clamp(1rem, 3vh, 2rem);
}
.cover-meta .no { color: var(--red); }
.cover-stage {
  position: relative;
  min-height: clamp(16rem, 44vh, 30rem);
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
}
.cover-title {
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" 830, "wdth" 88;
  text-transform: uppercase; line-height: .84; letter-spacing: -.01em;
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 9vw, 9rem);
  margin: 0; text-wrap: balance;
}
.cover-dek {
  max-width: 46ch; margin: clamp(1.2rem, 3vh, 2rem) 0 0;
  font-style: italic; font-variation-settings: "opsz" 18, "wght" 430;
  font-size: 1.02rem; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.cover-foot {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline;
  margin-top: clamp(1.2rem, 3vh, 2rem);
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.read-cue { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--red); padding-bottom: .15em; }
.cover:hover .read-cue, .cover:focus-within .read-cue { color: var(--red); }
.cover .stretched { position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: 1; }

/* cover 1 — ampersand: giant glyph + per-se-and stack */
.cov-amp .cover-stage { justify-content: flex-start; gap: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 4rem); }
.cov-amp .bigamp {
  font-family: var(--font-text); font-style: italic;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" var(--aopsz, 72), "wght" var(--awght, 340);
  font-size: clamp(15rem, 38vw, 34rem);
  line-height: .72; margin-top: .08em;
  transition: color .35s;
  user-select: none;
}
.cover:hover .bigamp, .cover:focus-within .bigamp { color: var(--red); }
.cov-amp .perse {
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" 700, "wdth" 58;
  text-transform: uppercase; line-height: .92;
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 7.5vw, 7rem);
}
.cov-amp .perse .thin { font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" 300, "wdth" 58; }
.cov-amp .perse .amp-inline {
  font-family: var(--font-text); font-style: italic; text-transform: none;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 72, "wght" 400; color: var(--red);
}

/* cover 2 — variable: one word, many masters */
.cov-var .cover-stage { flex-direction: column; gap: .2em; }
.cov-var .varword {
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-size: clamp(3.4rem, 13vw, 12.5rem);
  line-height: .8; letter-spacing: -.01em; text-transform: uppercase;
  display: flex; white-space: nowrap; user-select: none;
}
.cov-var .varword .gl {
  display: inline-block;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" var(--gw, 500), "wdth" var(--gwd, 90);
}
.cov-var .axis-labels {
  display: flex; gap: 1.6em; font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.cov-var .axis-labels b { color: var(--red); font-weight: 400; }

/* cover 3 — helvetica: rows of type sliding like traffic */
.cov-helv .cover-stage { display: block; }
.cov-helv .helv-rows {
  position: absolute; inset: 0;
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-between;
  overflow: clip; user-select: none;
}
.cov-helv .hrow {
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" 720, "wdth" 96;
  font-size: clamp(3rem, 9.6vw, 9.6rem);
  line-height: .82; letter-spacing: -.015em; text-transform: uppercase;
  white-space: nowrap; will-change: transform;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.cov-helv .hrow.alt { color: transparent; -webkit-text-stroke: 1px var(--hairline-2); }
.cov-helv .hrow.redrow { color: var(--red); }
.cov-helv .stamp {
  position: absolute; inset: 0; display: grid; place-items: center; z-index: 2;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.cov-helv .stamp span {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .8rem; letter-spacing: .34em;
  text-transform: uppercase; border: 2px solid var(--red); color: var(--red);
  padding: .5em .9em .5em 1.24em; transform: rotate(-6deg);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 82%, transparent);
}

/* cover 4 — sign painters: a trade card, misregistered ink */
.cov-sign .cover-stage { justify-content: center; }
.cov-sign .card {
  border: 2px solid var(--ink); padding: clamp(1.2rem, 3.4vw, 3rem) clamp(1.4rem, 4vw, 3.6rem);
  text-align: center; position: relative;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--paper), 0 0 0 3px var(--ink);
}
.cov-sign .card .line {
  display: block; font-family: var(--font-disp); text-transform: uppercase;
  line-height: .9;
  text-shadow: var(--mis, 0em) var(--mis, 0em) 0 var(--red);
  transition: text-shadow .3s;
}
.cover:hover .card .line, .cover:focus-within .card .line { --mis: .045em; }
.cov-sign .rule-in { border-top: 2px solid var(--ink); margin: .5em 0; }
.cov-sign .l-stars { font-size: clamp(1rem, 2.6vw, 1.8rem); letter-spacing: .5em;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 20, "wght" 500, "wdth" 100; color: var(--red); }
.cov-sign .l-hand { font-size: clamp(3rem, 10vw, 9rem);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" 900, "wdth" 46; letter-spacing: -.01em; }
.cov-sign .l-painted { font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 8vw, 7.2rem);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" 340, "wdth" 138; letter-spacing: .01em; }
.cov-sign .l-signs { font-size: clamp(3.6rem, 12vw, 10.8rem);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" 800, "wdth" 70; letter-spacing: -.01em; }
.cov-sign .l-trade { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: clamp(.6rem, 1.6vw, .8rem);
  letter-spacing: .3em; font-variation-settings: "wght" 450; }

/* ---------- Index: about strip + footer ------------------------------------- */

.about-strip {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 34rem) 1fr;
  gap: 2rem var(--pad);
  padding: clamp(2.4rem, 7vw, 5rem) var(--pad);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}
.about-strip h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 72, "wght" 780, "wdth" 62;
  text-transform: uppercase; line-height: .92; letter-spacing: -.01em;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 5.6vw, 4.4rem); margin: 0;
}
.about-strip p { margin: 0; max-width: 56ch; font-size: 1.05rem; }
.about-strip .fine { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .74rem;
  letter-spacing: .08em; margin-top: 1.2rem; }
.about-strip a { color: var(--red); }

.site-foot {
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .8rem 2rem;
  justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline;
  padding: 1.4rem var(--pad) 2.2rem;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.site-foot a { text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline-2); }
.site-foot a:hover { color: var(--red); border-bottom-color: var(--red); }
.colophon-mark { font-family: var(--font-disp); font-variation-settings: "opsz" 20, "wght" 800, "wdth" 60; }

/* ---------- Article: hero / headlines ---------------------------------------- */

.art { padding-bottom: 0; }
.art-head {
  padding: clamp(2.2rem, 7vh, 5rem) var(--pad) 0;
  max-width: 110rem; margin-inline: auto; width: 100%;
}
.kicker-row {
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem 1.4rem; align-items: baseline;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase; margin-bottom: clamp(1.6rem, 5vh, 3rem);
}
.kicker-row .sec { color: var(--red); }

.hero { position: relative; }
.hero--flow { padding: 0 var(--pad) clamp(1rem, 4vh, 3rem); }
.hero--tall { height: 175svh; }
.hero--tall .hero-pin {
  position: sticky; top: var(--headh);
  min-height: calc(100svh - var(--headh));
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center;
  padding-inline: var(--pad); overflow: clip;
}
.hero-title {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" var(--opsz), "wght" var(--wght), "wdth" var(--wdth), "slnt" var(--slnt);
  font-size: clamp(3.2rem, var(--tsize, 15vw), 17rem);
  line-height: .82; letter-spacing: -.015em; text-transform: uppercase;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
.hero-title .gl { display: inline-block; will-change: transform, font-variation-settings; }
.hero-title .gl-space { display: inline-block; width: .28em; }
.hero-hint {
  margin-top: clamp(1rem, 3vh, 2rem);
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .24em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.hero-hint .red { color: var(--red); }

/* outline → fill headline (helvetica) */
.hero--fill .fillwrap { position: relative; }
.hero--fill .h-outline {
  color: transparent;
  -webkit-text-stroke: max(1px, .014em) var(--ink);
  paint-order: stroke;
}
.hero--fill .h-fill {
  position: absolute; inset: 0; color: var(--ink);
  clip-path: inset(-2% calc((1 - var(--p)) * 100%) -8% -2%);
  pointer-events: none;
}
@supports not (-webkit-text-stroke: 1px black) {
  .hero--fill .h-outline { color: var(--ink); }
  .hero--fill .h-fill { display: none; }
}

/* running head with progress — sticks under site-head while reading */
.readhead {
  position: sticky; top: var(--headh); z-index: 30;
  display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 1rem;
  padding: .45rem var(--pad) .5rem;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 92%, transparent);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(6px); backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.readhead .rh-title {
  font-family: var(--font-disp); letter-spacing: .02em;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 14, "wght" var(--rhw, 640), "wdth" 76;
  position: relative; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
.readhead .rh-title.rh-fill { color: transparent; -webkit-text-stroke: .7px var(--ink); }
.readhead .rh-title.rh-fill > .rh-fill-in {
  position: absolute; inset: 0; color: var(--ink); -webkit-text-stroke: 0;
  clip-path: inset(-10% calc((1 - var(--p)) * 100%) -20% -2%);
}
.readhead .rh-sep { color: var(--red); }
.readhead .rh-pct { margin-left: auto; color: var(--ink-soft); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.readhead .rh-bar {
  position: absolute; left: 0; bottom: -1px; height: 2px;
  width: calc(var(--p) * 100%); background: var(--red);
}

/* dek + byline block */
.dekblock {
  max-width: 110rem; margin-inline: auto;
  padding: clamp(1.4rem, 4vh, 2.6rem) var(--pad) clamp(1.8rem, 5vh, 3.2rem);
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 40rem) 1fr; gap: 1.4rem 3rem;
  align-items: start; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}
.dek {
  margin: 0; font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.6vw, 1.9rem); line-height: 1.32;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 30, "wght" 430;
  text-wrap: balance; hanging-punctuation: first;
}
.dek em { font-variation-settings: "opsz" 30, "wght" 480; }
.byline {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase; line-height: 2; justify-self: end; text-align: right;
}
.byline .red { color: var(--red); }

/* ---------- Article: prose ---------------------------------------------------- */

.prose {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 40rem;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding: clamp(1.6rem, 5vh, 3.4rem) var(--pad) clamp(2rem, 6vh, 4rem);
  font-size: 1.16rem;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 18, "wght" 415;
  hyphens: auto; hyphenate-limit-chars: 7 4 3; hyphenate-limit-zone: 8%;
  text-wrap: pretty;
  orphans: 3; widows: 3;
  hanging-punctuation: first;
}
.prose p { margin: 0 0 1.05em; }
.prose p + p { text-indent: 1.5em; }
.prose .noindent { text-indent: 0; }
/* a paragraph following a marginal note or an inline footnote continues the text — keep the indent */
.prose .marginalia + p, .prose .fn + p { text-indent: 1.5em; }
.prose a { text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-color: var(--red);
  text-underline-offset: .18em; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; }
.prose a:hover { color: var(--red); }

.prose .lede {
  font-size: 1.34em; line-height: 1.45;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 26, "wght" 400;
  text-indent: 0; text-wrap: pretty;
  hyphens: none;
}
.prose .lede::first-letter,
.prose .dropcap::first-letter {
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" 840, "wdth" 58;
  float: left; font-size: 5.5em; line-height: .74;
  padding: .07em .11em 0 0; margin-left: -.04em;
  color: var(--red);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.prose .lede::first-line { font-variation-settings: "opsz" 26, "wght" 460; }

.prose h2.sec {
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 48, "wght" 800, "wdth" 54;
  font-size: 1.55rem; line-height: 1; text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: .005em;
  margin: 2.2em 0 .8em;
  display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: .55em;
}
.prose h2.sec::before {
  content: "§"; color: var(--red);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 48, "wght" 500, "wdth" 80;
  font-size: .85em;
}
.prose h2.sec .secno { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .6em;
  color: var(--red); letter-spacing: .1em; font-variation-settings: "wght" 500; }

/* marginalia — sidenotes that live in the margin on wide screens */
.marginalia {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .72rem; line-height: 1.55;
  letter-spacing: .03em; color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin: .9em 0 1.1em; padding: .55em .8em .55em 1em;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--red);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 4%, transparent);
  text-indent: 0; hyphens: none;
}
.marginalia .mk {
  color: var(--red); font-variation-settings: "wght" 600; margin-right: .5em;
}
@media (min-width: 72rem) {
  .prose .marginalia {
    float: right; clear: right;
    width: 13.5rem;
    margin: .3em -16.5rem 1.1rem 2rem;
    background: none;
    border-left: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline-2);
    padding: .5em 0 0;
  }
}

/* inline footnotes — unfold where they are referenced */
.fn-ref {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .62em;
  color: var(--red); vertical-align: super; line-height: 0;
  letter-spacing: 0; padding: .1em .15em;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.fn-ref:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.fn-ref::before { content: "["; } .fn-ref::after { content: "]"; }
.fn-ref[aria-expanded="true"] { color: var(--ink); font-variation-settings: "wght" 600; }
.fn {
  display: grid; grid-template-rows: 0fr;
  transition: grid-template-rows .45s cubic-bezier(.3,.8,.3,1);
}
.fn.open { grid-template-rows: 1fr; }
.fn > div {
  overflow: hidden; min-height: 0;
}
.fn .fn-body {
  margin: .4em 0 1.1em; padding: .7em .9em;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--red);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 4%, transparent);
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .76rem; line-height: 1.6;
  letter-spacing: .01em; text-indent: 0; hyphens: none;
}
.fn .fn-no { color: var(--red); font-variation-settings: "wght" 600; margin-right: .6em; }
.fn .fn-close {
  float: right; color: var(--ink-soft); font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.fn .fn-close:hover { color: var(--red); }

/* pull quotes — swell as they enter */
.pull {
  margin: 1.7em 0; padding: .2em 0 .2em .9em;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--red);
  text-indent: 0;
}
.pull p {
  margin: 0; text-indent: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-text); font-style: italic;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" var(--pq-opsz, 40), "wght" var(--pq-wght, 320);
  font-size: calc(1.55rem * var(--pq-scale, .96));
  line-height: 1.22; letter-spacing: -.005em;
  text-wrap: balance; hyphens: none;
  hanging-punctuation: first;
  transform-origin: left center;
}
.pull p::before { content: "“"; color: var(--red); }
.pull p::after  { content: "”"; color: var(--red); }
.pull cite {
  display: block; margin-top: .6em;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-style: normal; font-size: .7rem;
  letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.pull cite::before { content: "—— "; color: var(--red); }

/* typographic figures — compositions made only of letterforms */
.typefig {
  margin: 2em 0; padding: 1.4em 0;
  border-block: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  text-indent: 0; text-align: center;
}
.typefig figcaption {
  margin-top: 1em; font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .68rem;
  letter-spacing: .16em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.typefig figcaption .fno { color: var(--red); margin-right: .7em; }

.fig-amp-huge {
  font-family: var(--font-text); font-style: italic;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 72, "wght" 380;
  font-size: clamp(9rem, 26vw, 15rem); line-height: .8; color: var(--ink);
}
.fig-amp-row {
  display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: .35em; flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-family: var(--font-text); font-style: italic;
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 5vw, 3rem); line-height: 1.4;
}
.fig-amp-row span:nth-child(2n) { color: var(--red); }
.fig-et {
  display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: center; gap: .6em;
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 7vw, 4.6rem); line-height: 1;
}
.fig-et .et-e, .fig-et .et-t { font-family: var(--font-text); font-style: italic;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 40, "wght" 500; }
.fig-et .et-arrow { color: var(--red); font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .5em; letter-spacing: .2em; }
.fig-et .et-amp { font-family: var(--font-text); font-style: italic;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 72, "wght" 400; color: var(--red); }

.fig-axesmap { display: flex; justify-content: center; }
.fig-axesmap .grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, auto); gap: .15em .9em; }
.fig-axesmap .cell {
  font-family: var(--font-disp); font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 4.4vw, 3rem);
  line-height: .9; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.fig-axesmap .axis-x, .fig-axesmap .axis-y {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .64rem; letter-spacing: .2em;
  color: var(--ink-soft); text-transform: uppercase;
}
.fig-axesmap .axis-x { grid-column: 1 / -1; text-align: center; margin-top: .8em; }
.fig-axesmap .axis-x b, .fig-axesmap .axis-y b { color: var(--red); font-weight: 400; }

.fig-genealogy { text-align: left; max-width: 30rem; margin-inline: auto; }
.fig-genealogy .g-row {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; gap: 1em;
  padding: .42em 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}
.fig-genealogy .g-name {
  font-family: var(--font-disp); text-transform: uppercase; line-height: 1;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
}
.fig-genealogy .g-year { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .7rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft); letter-spacing: .1em; white-space: nowrap; }
.fig-genealogy .g-note { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .64rem;
  color: var(--red); letter-spacing: .08em; }

.fig-card {
  border: 2px solid var(--ink); max-width: 30rem; margin-inline: auto;
  padding: 1.6em 1.4em; box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 3px var(--paper), inset 0 0 0 5px var(--ink);
}
.fig-card .r { border-top: 1.5px solid var(--ink); margin: .55em auto; }
.fig-card .r.w60 { width: 60%; } .fig-card .r.w35 { width: 35%; }
.fig-card .c1 { font-family: var(--font-disp); text-transform: uppercase;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" 880, "wdth" 48; font-size: 2.6rem; line-height: .95; }
.fig-card .c2 { font-family: var(--font-text); font-style: italic;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 40, "wght" 460; font-size: 1.35rem; }
.fig-card .c3 { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .3em;
  text-transform: uppercase; }
.fig-card .c4 { font-family: var(--font-disp); text-transform: uppercase;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 60, "wght" 560, "wdth" 120; font-size: 1.1rem; letter-spacing: .06em; }
.fig-card .star { color: var(--red); }

/* section divider dinkus */
.dinkus {
  display: grid; place-items: center; gap: .05em;
  margin: 2.4em 0; line-height: .9; color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 1rem; letter-spacing: .35em; text-indent: 0;
  user-select: none;
}
.dinkus span { display: block; }
.dinkus .red { color: var(--red); }

/* end-of-article furniture */
.endmark {
  text-align: center; margin: 2.6em 0 0;
  font-family: var(--font-disp); font-variation-settings: "opsz" 20, "wght" 700, "wdth" 60;
  color: var(--red); letter-spacing: .3em; text-indent: 0;
}
.bio {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline); margin-top: 2.2em; padding-top: 1.1em;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .74rem; line-height: 1.7;
  letter-spacing: .04em; color: var(--ink-soft); text-indent: 0; hyphens: none;
}
.bio b { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; }

/* next-story teaser */
.nextstory {
  display: block; text-decoration: none; color: inherit;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  padding: clamp(2rem, 6vh, 4rem) var(--pad);
  position: relative; overflow: clip;
}
.nextstory .ns-kick { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .7rem;
  letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-soft); }
.nextstory .ns-title {
  font-family: var(--font-disp); text-transform: uppercase; line-height: .84;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "wght" 840, "wdth" 80;
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 10vw, 9rem); margin-top: .4em;
  transition: color .3s;
}
.nextstory:hover .ns-title { color: var(--red); }
.nextstory .ns-arr { color: var(--red); }

/* ---------- Specimen sheet ----------------------------------------------------- */

.spec-backdrop {
  position: fixed; inset: 0; z-index: 70;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 24%, transparent);
  opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; transition: opacity .3s;
}
.spec-backdrop.open { opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; }
.specimen {
  position: fixed; z-index: 80; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
  max-height: 88svh; overflow-y: auto;
  background: var(--paper); border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
  transform: translateY(102%); transition: transform .45s cubic-bezier(.3,.8,.25,1);
  padding: 1.1rem var(--pad) 2rem;
}
.specimen.open { transform: none; }
.spec-top {
  display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.spec-top .spec-name { color: var(--red); }
.spec-close { margin-left: auto; font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase; border: 1px solid var(--hairline-2); padding: .4em .9em; }
.spec-close:hover { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); }
.spec-preview-wrap { border-block: 1px solid var(--hairline); padding: .8em 0; }
.spec-preview {
  font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" var(--sp-opsz, 144), "wght" var(--sp-wght, 700),
    "wdth" var(--sp-wdth, 90), "slnt" var(--sp-slnt, 0);
  font-size: var(--sp-size, 7rem); line-height: var(--sp-lead, .9);
  letter-spacing: var(--sp-trak, -.01em);
  text-transform: var(--sp-case, uppercase);
  outline: none; min-height: 1em; word-break: break-word;
}
.spec-preview:focus-visible { outline: 1px dashed var(--hairline-2); }
.spec-preview:empty::before { content: attr(data-placeholder); color: var(--hairline-2); }
.spec-hint { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .64rem; letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-soft); margin-top: .5em; }
.spec-controls {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(12rem, 1fr));
  gap: 1.1rem 1.6rem; margin-top: 1.4rem;
}
.ctl { display: grid; gap: .35rem; }
.ctl label {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between;
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .66rem; letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-soft);
}
.ctl label output { color: var(--red); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.ctl input[type="range"] {
  -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; width: 100%; height: 1.4rem;
  background: transparent; cursor: ew-resize;
}
.ctl input[type="range"]::-webkit-slider-runnable-track {
  height: 1px; background: var(--hairline-2);
}
.ctl input[type="range"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {
  -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none;
  width: .8rem; height: .8rem; margin-top: -.4rem;
  background: var(--ink); border-radius: 0;
}
.ctl input[type="range"]:hover::-webkit-slider-thumb { background: var(--red); }
.ctl input[type="range"]::-moz-range-track { height: 1px; background: var(--hairline-2); }
.ctl input[type="range"]::-moz-range-thumb {
  width: .8rem; height: .8rem; background: var(--ink); border: 0; border-radius: 0;
}
.ctl input[type="range"]:hover::-moz-range-thumb { background: var(--red); }
.spec-presets { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .6rem; margin-top: 1.4rem; }
.preset {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .66rem; letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase; border: 1px solid var(--hairline-2);
  padding: .45em .9em;
}
.preset:hover { border-color: var(--ink); }
.preset.on { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); border-color: var(--ink); }
.spec-actions { display: flex; gap: .6rem; margin-top: 1.4rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.spec-actions .preset.copy { border-color: var(--red); color: var(--red); }
.spec-actions .preset.copy:hover { background: var(--red); color: var(--paper); }
.spec-meta {
  margin-top: 1.4rem; padding-top: .8rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .64rem; letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-soft);
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .3rem 1.6rem;
}

/* specimen trigger button near headlines */
.spec-open {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .64rem; letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-soft);
  border: 1px solid var(--hairline-2); padding: .4em .8em;
  display: inline-flex; gap: .5em; align-items: center;
}
.spec-open::before { content: "Aa"; font-family: var(--font-disp);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 20, "wght" 700, "wdth" 90; letter-spacing: 0;
  font-size: .95rem; color: var(--red); }
.spec-open:hover { color: var(--paper); background: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); }
.cover .spec-open { position: absolute; top: 1rem; right: var(--pad); z-index: 3; }

/* ---------- Reveal on scroll ---------------------------------------------------- */

[data-reveal] { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(1.6rem);
  transition: opacity .7s ease, transform .7s cubic-bezier(.25,.8,.3,1); }
[data-reveal].in { opacity: 1; transform: none; }

/* ---------- Responsive ------------------------------------------------------------ */

@media (max-width: 48rem) {
  :root { --headh: 2.8rem; }
  body { font-size: 1.06rem; }
  .site-head { gap: .7rem; }
  .site-head .issue-tag { display: none; }
  .navlink { font-size: .62rem; letter-spacing: .1em; }
  .motion-toggle { font-size: .58rem; padding: .3em .55em; }
  .mast-word { font-size: clamp(2.85rem, 16.4vw, 9rem); white-space: nowrap; }
  .mast-kicker span:last-child { display: none; }
  .cover-meta > span:last-child { display: none; }
  .mast-sub .lede-line { width: 100%; order: 3; margin-top: .5em; }
  .cover { min-height: 0; }
  .cover-stage { min-height: 11rem; }
  .cov-amp .cover-stage { flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .cov-amp .bigamp { font-size: clamp(9rem, 40vw, 16rem); }
  .dekblock { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .byline { justify-self: start; text-align: left; }
  .prose { font-size: 1.05rem; padding-inline: 1.25rem; }
  .prose .lede { font-size: 1.22em; }
  .prose .lede::first-letter, .prose .dropcap::first-letter { font-size: 3.4em; }
  .hero-title { line-height: .86; }
  .readhead { font-size: .58rem; gap: .6rem; }
  .readhead .rh-kicker { display: none; }
  .hero--tall { height: 150svh; }
  .spec-controls { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: .9rem 1rem; }
  .fig-genealogy .g-name { font-size: 1.05rem; }
  .about-strip { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}
@media (min-width: 48.01rem) and (max-width: 72rem) {
  .prose { max-width: 36rem; }
}

/* ---------- Motion off --------------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
}
html[data-motion="reduce"] [data-reveal],
html[data-motion="reduce"] .specimen,
html[data-motion="reduce"] .spec-backdrop,
html[data-motion="reduce"] .cover .card .line,
html[data-motion="reduce"] .nextstory .ns-title {
  transition: none !important;
}
html[data-motion="reduce"] [data-reveal] { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
html[data-motion="reduce"] .ticker-track { transform: none !important; }
html[data-motion="reduce"] .mast-word { transform: none !important; }
html[data-motion="reduce"] .hero--tall { height: auto; }
html[data-motion="reduce"] .hero--tall .hero-pin { position: static; min-height: 60svh; }
html[data-motion="reduce"] .cov-helv .hrow { transform: none !important; }
html[data-motion="reduce"] .fn { transition: none; }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  [data-reveal] { opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: none; }
  .ticker-track { transform: none !important; }
  .mast-word { transform: none !important; }
  .hero--tall { height: auto; }
  .hero--tall .hero-pin { position: static; min-height: 60svh; }
  .cov-helv .hrow { transform: none !important; }
  .fn { transition: none; }
  .specimen, .spec-backdrop { transition: none; }
}

/* ---------- Print — the journal reads as a still page ---------------------- */

@media print {
  .site-head nav, .motion-toggle, .spec-open, .scroll-cue, .ticker,
  .specimen, .spec-backdrop, .readhead { display: none !important; }
  body { background: #fff; font-size: 11pt; }
  .site-head { position: static; border-bottom: 2px solid #000; backdrop-filter: none; }
  .mast-word, .hero-title, .cover-title { transform: none !important; }
  .hero--tall { height: auto; } .hero--tall .hero-pin { position: static; min-height: 0; }
  .hero--fill .h-fill { display: none; } .hero--fill .h-outline { color: #000; -webkit-text-stroke: 0; }
  .prose { max-width: 100%; }
  .marginalia { float: none !important; margin: .5em 0 !important; }
  .fn { grid-template-rows: 1fr !important; } .fn .fn-close { display: none; }
  .nextstory, .cover .stretched, .site-foot a { text-decoration: none; }
  [data-reveal] { opacity: 1 !important; transform: none !important; }
}